chickenlittlewasright.com

The lymphatic circulation plays a key role in the transport between cells. Function collect lymphatic fluid circulation of room network (between cells, interseluler) and return to the flow blood and finally to the heart. Colored translucent liquid fluid called lymph (lymph nodes). Lymph flow occurs because muscle movements and influences movement during breathing thorak.

Protein independent of the blood vessels back to the heart through
lymphatics. The lymphatic system plays an important role in maintaining blood volume by maintaining blood hydrostatic pressure, transport
fat.

Lymph channels are thin-walled channel that is composed of
endothelium, berkatup, and only consisted of one flow are joined to form the thoracic duct and lymph ducts dekster, and lymph channels emptying into the internal jugular vein and the left subclavian vein and The right internal jugular vein. Lymph channels are almost all organs except the nervous
and bone marrow. Lymph node is the jendolan lymph channels that function to produce lymphocytes, filters infectious diseases. Lympha part of the lymphatic system and circulation, producing lymphocytes and destroy red blood cells.

Human and other Vertebrate animals have a defense system
body which acts to protect itself from attack agenagen cause disease. Defense system can be classified into 2 types namely:

1. Nonspecific defense that nature (innate) means
been around since the organism is born, and applies to all
infectious agents.

2. Specific defense or defense also called the acquisition
(acquired) because the defense was obtained after the stimulation by a foreign body (infectious agents). Defense specifically it is the responsibility of Klone Klone-lymphocyte cells B, each specific to the antigen. Existence
interaction between antigen by B lymphocytes will Klone stimulates these cells to differentiate and proliferate so that the cells that have obtained an expression for klonal produce antibodies.
Study of the immune system (immune system) called Immunology.

If someone gets injured on the skin, the blood will flow out. Bleeding can be many, can be a bit. This depends on where the wound, the inside and vessels
where the subject’s blood. Bleeding can be stopped with:

1. Put pressure with a sterile Kassa on the wound it (if the small wound and clean). If the bleeding a bit many, dial in certain places, so pressing on the arteries.

2. After the bleeding stopped, give people with hot tea or hot coffee as mnuman freshener.

3. If a lot of blood comes out, until the patient appears pale, weak, his consciousness began modestly, rapid pulse and weak, hurry-hurry up bring the patient to the hospital. Maybe he require transfusion.

One component of blood elements is platelets or kepingkeping blood that has a role in the process (coagulation) of blood. Blood coagulation process is intended to damage to blood vessels, it does not happen
blood loss as much as possible. In certain conditions such as hemophilia can occur coagulation disorder or disturbance blood, blood, and consequently difficult menjedal body can loss of blood. Platelets derived from stem cells in bone marrow megakarosit which is developing into platelets. Platelet
small, easily broken, blood clotting 250,000 tercat blue.

Theory of blood coagulation by Morowitz (1904). In the event
bleeding, the tissue torn (broken) will cause platelet release through broken and thromboplastin. Thromboplastin and Ca ions then activate protrombin
to thrombin, and thrombin would affect the changes fibrinogen into fibrin threads that closed networks damaged.

White blood cells (SDP) or leukocytes (Leukocyte) comes from
myeloblast (stem cell). The formation of the SDP in the bone marrow.
The number of leukocytes in normal adults ranges from 5000 –
9000 per MM3. The types of SDP based on the core shape can be
differentiated into granulocytes and agranulosit SDP. SDP granulocytes
because it has a grain (granule) in the cytoplasm.

SDP granulocytes can be differentiated into 3 types namely:

1. Neutrophils are granulocytes which the SPD of a granule kecilkecil
pink. SDP granulocytes increased
amount at the time the body has a bacterial infection.

2. Eosinophils are granulocytes which the SPD of a granule
reddish. SDP has increased granulocytes in infectious diseases due to parasites.

3. Basophils are granulocytes which the SPD of a granule
purple and blue. SDP has increased granulocytes allergic reactions.

Agranulosit white blood cells because they do not have granules in the
cytoplasm. Agranulosit SDP can be divided into 2 types
namely:

1. Monocytes are a type of SDP agranulosit a nucleus
single, large, motil, blue tercat, serves as pagositik.

2. Lymphocytes: a single nucleus, a large, nonmotil, round, blue tercat,
functions produce antibodies.

Blood hemoglobin levels in normal conditions in humans vary
approximately 13 to 15 g / dL (in men) and 12 to 14 g / dL (in women). In certain circumstances a person Hb levels decreased or otherwise increased.

Hemoglobin has the following functions:
1. Transport of oxygen, each molecule of hemoglobin that has
HbO2 called oxygenated (oxyhemoglobin) containing 4
mole of oxygen.

2. Transport of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the network to the lungs
that is about 15% of the total CO2. Hb binds to the CO2 the clusters formed aminanya-karbamino hemoglobin.

3. Blood buffer for each mole of hemoglobin releases the oxygen that is
on the network, the mole Hb will bind 2 moles of protons
(H +).

Red blood cells (HR) or normal human erythrocytes numbers ranged between 5 – 5.5 million permm3 in men, and ranged from 4.5 to 5 million permm3 in women. On condition a certain amount of human resources decline or vice versa improvement.

Erythrocytes derived from eritron which is stem cell differentiation
(in the bone marrow). The formation of erythrocytes is regulated by
eritropoetin hormones.

Hemoglobin (Hb) is a functional molecules contained in in the cytoplasm of erythrocytes (red blood cells) and almost complete 34% of space in the red blood cells. The main function of hemoglobin is to carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and carbon dioxide from tissue to the lungs.

Hemoglobin is composed of the protein globin and feroprotoporfirin
(heme) that binds the nonkovalen. Globin protein hemoglobin A (adults) consists of over 80 amino acids and each subunit consists of 7 segments yan helik marked A-H. Heme in hemoglobin molecule is Fe atoms, and each molecule of hemoglobin has 4 Fe atoms in the form of Fe +2 (ferrous) that serves to tie oxygen reversibly. Thus, each hemoglobin molecule oxygenated or called HbO2 (oksiHb) containing 4 mol oxygen.

Oxygen-carrying molecule in vertebrates is hemoglobin and myoglobin. Hemoglobin derived from the word “hemo / heme” and “Globin” in Greek, which means hemo own “Blood” while the globin protein which is composed of 4 units or 4 subunit polypeptide or a protein which includes families from
hemoglobin and myoglobin.

Blood plasma serves as a solvent nutrients, waste metabolism, internal secretion, and gas. Human blood plasma mostly water and dissolved therein such substances; plasma proteins (albumin, fibrinogen, and globulins), compounds organic nutrients (glucose, fatty acids, and cholesterol), vitamins, minerals, inorganic salts, especially sodium chloride (NaCl), waste
metabolism, and gas.

Comparison between the 53% plasma and blood objects in Under normal conditions vary in the male of about 47% and the 45% female. In certain conditions the percentage of blood decreased or otherwise increased.

Value hematocrit is the ratio between the number of objects blood with blood plasma. Hematocrit value is one an indicator of physiological function parameters animals and humans.

In certain conditions can hematocrit value decreased or otherwise increased. Hematocrit measures the percentage of elements of blood and fluids. To detect the condition of polycythemia, anemia, dehydration or hydration.

Blood is opaque liquids (opaque), slightly thick,
bright red (oxygenated) and dark red (deoxygenated), weight species ranging from 1.06, the pH is slightly alkaline (7.2). If disentrifus (centrifuges) with certain rotational speed, it will separate into 2 parts
main:

1. clear yellow part is called plasma, and

2. the dark red is the blood objects consisting of: red blood cells (HR), white blood cells (SDP), and platelets (platelets, thrombocytes).

Blockage of blood vessels caused by blood clots formed by the fibrin. Thickening and hardening blood vessels, known in medical terms as
arteriosclerosis. Narrowing of blood vessels can be caused by many things, and some are the same inevitable once human, for instance, heredity, age,
hormones, blood vessel injury, liver function and infection. But there
several causes that can be avoided, for example high cholesterol diet, serum lipids, high blood pressure, tension, the body is too fat, smoking and lack of
body activity.

Narrowing of the coronary arteries causes heart disease is the famous so-called with “coronary thrombosis”. How is it possible? It turned out that in addition to the heart pump blood around the muscles in the body, heart
send blood to the heart muscle wall through a network artery
formed by the two major coronary arteries are right coronary arteries and left coronary arteries.

Innermost layer of an artery called the “intima” can thickened by reason of age, just like the rust that can arise in old iron pipes. Easy to understand that when the narrowing of blood vessels arising due to arteriosclerosis, will reduce the blood through the vessels blood. This can cause irritation to the intima of cause injury, called athermata. These injuries tend to
to form blood clots, called thrombus, which can clog the heart’s blood vessels narrow.

If this happens, the heart will come back weaker, or blood
can stop working suddenly. Then arises heart attack or coronary thrombosis, as a result than one blockage of coronary arteries by a blood clot. No wonder you often hear someone who died suddenly on while doing everyday activities.

How is heart disease can be avoided or at least reduced? Apparently, if the constriction the blood vessels caused by factors that can avoided or not, exercise or could exercise reduce your risk of getting heart disease.

Why? Scientific research shows that exercise cause the opening of more blood vessels. Even when we exercise for a long time, blood vessels Additional can form inside the heart. Blood vessels Coronary will grow in size, and in the vicinity where there will be growing road congestion vessels
New to drain. New blood flow heart still get oxygen to stay pink color.
For flux emergence of new blood vessels are, it takes time and patience. Sports that begin with simple, more and more, allowing it can occur. One important thing to remember is, sports do not open the blocked artery, but merely opening streets of new blood vessels around the blockage.
Simply by choosing foods carefully somebody can open the blood vessel blockage, or with surgery. Because the heart is to maintain the
well, it takes two important things, namely choosing proper and regular exercise.

Blood vessels can be categorized by size
as follows:

1. Aorta is composed of: endothel layer, smooth muscle, and tissue tie.

2. Great arteries (arteries) carry oxygen to function
through the blood from the heart to all body tissues, will
getting smaller as the blood through the veins toward the
other organs.

3. Small arteries (arterioles), composed of: endothel layer,
and smooth muscle. Arterioles as resistance vessels
controls the flow of blood from arteries to capillaries.

4. Capillary composed of: endothel layer. Exchange of substances
dissolved in the liquid blood to tissues and vice versa occurs through the capillaries. Capillaries: a small form and thin, connecting arteries and veins.
Layer thin walls make it easier to pass by oxygen, nutrients, carbon dioxide and other waste materials from and the other cell organs.

5. Venules, veins composed of endothel with a layer of flat cells,
sub-endothelium is composed of thin connective tissue directly
related to Tunica adventitia. Veins: function of blood flow channel containing the remaining ingredients back to the heart and the heart to break out from the body. Growing veins when near the heart. The top of the vein (superior) with blood from his hands and head toward the heart, whereas
lower venous (inferior) carries blood from the abdomen and foot to the heart. Tunica adventitia composed of loose connective tissue with fibers
colagen which form longitudinal files, cell fibroblast seem them. cells was also smooth muscle. Veins have the privilege of valve
especially in the veins in the extremities (members body) which consists of 2 layers of a protruding semilunaris in the lumen. The relationship between the arterioles and venules is anastomose arteriovenula (shunt blood vessels).

6. Vena cava, a network of blood vessels is very broad, if stretched length can reach more than 60 thousand mil. Enought for better times around the earth 2 times!